![日常生活中的发明原理](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/898/22739898/b_22739898.jpg)
第1部分 TRIZ发明原理入门
发明方法要符合科学,
而且必须符合科学。
——TRIZ首创者 根里奇·阿奇舒勒
TRIZ发明原理
TRIZ发明原理是什么?
TRIZ意为“创造性解决问题的理论”,是一个目前仍在继续发展的庞大的理论体系。本书所介绍的“发明原理”为TRIZ的原点,同时也是其他所有理论的基础。
正如前言介绍的,这些发明原理是在研究了大量专利的基础上创立的。
阿奇舒勒曾经是苏联专利审查员,在接触大量专利的过程中,他注意到了一个现象:在不同领域里,相同的问题和相同的解决方法总是会反复出现。
此外,阿奇舒勒还注意到了另一个事实:某个领域最近才获得解决的问题当中,其实有九成都已经在其他领域得到了解决。
所以阿奇舒勒最终提出了“解决问题的通用流程”。
面对有待解决的问题,人们有时可以根据过去已经解决的类似问题及其解决方法,顺利地类推出解决方法。
擅长解决问题的人,很多都是善于对过去解决过的问题进行引申的人。
不过,这样的话,要擅长解决问题,就要先解决过很多问题。这一点对我们来说,恐怕有点难。
此时可以用到TRIZ的发明原理。因为这些原理就是解决问题的通用流程,是从一个个具体问题的解决方法中提炼出来的。
也就是说,世界上数不胜数的“具体的解决方法”,都可以归结到这区区40个普遍性原理当中。
把这些原理作为解决问题的线索,既可以获得其他领域的新知识,同时还可以获得如何重新组合已有要素的重要启示。
本书从下一页开始,介绍了从“#1分割原理”到“#40复合材料原理”的内容。随着序号增大,发明原理逐渐从较为抽象的内容过渡到具体的解决方法。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0001.jpg?sign=1739309076-ntsDxoUrUCoUtsBdrXEerF3gDnRJB0vE-0-726412ea15a4cf11d1e3a666ceab8a43)
1分割原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0002.jpg?sign=1739309076-SGYHtlUrKCx22nWh13DKkl1WLoNdJb1D-0-a297f409f0f923e952ace0457793d8e2)
2分离原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0003.jpg?sign=1739309076-XkegYK6g4ipd76ilihxwiBs0x4wYOoTb-0-f6c76ff11df1a5670a25782d9fd93c61)
3局部质量原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0004.jpg?sign=1739309076-r5Emy2F5BflmTS8M0t61DnO4V1sD07FZ-0-1a95e5f0a8dff5d2d18556c483f69fe3)
4非对称原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0005.jpg?sign=1739309076-DYtEGrS8QobmGJb5lChhqlR02KL3uwUN-0-8b6514a6e3c7a70131d09aad96abd49e)
5合并原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0006.jpg?sign=1739309076-wSu1tHRJYPGwhWPOPkE8OwXOeM8Ser2q-0-77165c51f4d39ccf0db4bc8eec0c6ad1)
6普遍性原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0007.jpg?sign=1739309076-cijhRV64Hlz4naTKYBH4HuzOOjQ8odqd-0-43c443645e7a5019a7faee76fa074cca)
7嵌套原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0008.jpg?sign=1739309076-qo7w6tDKBjnrAAVPMQ51hRKiGmAMrOMQ-0-8dd56bf66af59861e11e574d9e980ebc)
8配重原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0009.jpg?sign=1739309076-xabaNb1BhyTqtwyrwXaaZphzkd3CevuD-0-c628328b3a4869137bcd575cafc91625)
9预先反作用原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0010.jpg?sign=1739309076-tfjZULhzwwHSqw88scqhMJgtp0WUOcx3-0-8463f3a8b8195c953ca8e026763b38f5)
10预先作用原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0011.jpg?sign=1739309076-GQTiVUQanaDqo9eXV6KfEKtkvxEUCRXQ-0-8d6fa2920f34d6d0ba2597d855c7f02d)
11预先防护原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0012.jpg?sign=1739309076-hFVckkSctWRnTbBPfZiGeqEDvzSn7QSf-0-61882e3f829ae04db67bd457480f7de1)
12等势原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0013.jpg?sign=1739309076-LvEP3txwn59tSlr9RU5od9XUgxcyFq5J-0-a9d684e23e3cfec15e3fe829ac3046bb)
13逆向思维原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0014.jpg?sign=1739309076-cASLsPUOhCXzbLI7lP1fviNZg9r6x5Fr-0-1ab8861ff26b3532b6d225cce7ace98e)
14曲面化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0015.jpg?sign=1739309076-r0gBG47qJEfBzkKqIvbdHgJSmYzbmbuj-0-fd9e045deedee5abb41dffc4b2ca5b1c)
15动态化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0016.jpg?sign=1739309076-1EPLTnMvEaUtwDZMEynAGKWh92YkOvHK-0-ef92b5929af31c09f8638974479ba5bf)
16不足或超额行动原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0017.jpg?sign=1739309076-h1cfk1DPbw8tTn4AEyrdkaQZ77jp8Byj-0-9d4605517d9fe796da2ba764d4f4c43e)
17维数变化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0018.jpg?sign=1739309076-aWkziCWiHpNGs0OgTK1bGRTvRU2N7vwR-0-46ee09bfb93201fd0c35d183c0bf26f8)
18机械振动原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0019.jpg?sign=1739309076-djQtm9hB8FjFnnpmL0tm8wIyHs0TpT5j-0-d6e6ec811210ba05d1edafc2a4766f39)
19周期性动作原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0020.jpg?sign=1739309076-atAd91NfLgBRLH4YWFiqVXBUgv4HIsF4-0-7f9db0ed1d4b77a97c334c5089dfddae)
20连续性原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0001.jpg?sign=1739309076-0R6ulJQJIuyygRItwLmdYFImvhfYBSj3-0-feb15f4f5d80cec4413436e3914074b6)
21高速运行原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0002.jpg?sign=1739309076-H5fyPMPfFZLqOs0JmMIvWRdXpJ0rLiIw-0-877ff1f7a7d20cc93c35ab43b9374df7)
22变害为利原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0003.jpg?sign=1739309076-M6oPBHo31xp0hpzqbaqCmp8rtoYZvMad-0-90334a9c5b8e7a9a8e2ad79dbdc5e03c)
23反馈原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0004.jpg?sign=1739309076-x5gc3xtKPAePIedZv7rgWkbRaPnkE05o-0-7e45ceb2160124003880e58d1b892ba8)
24中介原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0005.jpg?sign=1739309076-q1JAxHaFcifMEyukfzaUd9beIHfNH34s-0-e03ee396322cd8968994641e027e6aa7)
25自服务原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0006.jpg?sign=1739309076-gwiUhrHjQcOFZRipoTcjBsqRs1OmEADz-0-7866274537cdafff9d663cefa6ba4b32)
26替代原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0007.jpg?sign=1739309076-wgkm5sfQaiU7Eou4e75Tx7Y614pXT32R-0-c55cd06dbbf50016207f512dacd8842d)
27一次性用品原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0008.jpg?sign=1739309076-KousetYUnnIIQJ4dkqJ4vnSE2zXxC6Cu-0-8e2674623af553467f0d9afc17ebd445)
28机械系统的替代原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0009.jpg?sign=1739309076-fvVdWubKi02Cje4pWF6wsXLSZtddANOT-0-cc4a0cf6a64afea0c1ccdbe7bbe1667c)
29流体作用原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0010.jpg?sign=1739309076-0S00TFciTwb9BgRtQKpYdYyYNmckN9g2-0-2ce6aea536a01a4a8b29d930e9705b05)
30薄膜原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0011.jpg?sign=1739309076-gWNVa0V8sZ0rYmqnT4HvErYQlJpuVqHk-0-9abfd5cbaaa8e4fb15462cfe08a783ec)
31多孔材料原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0012.jpg?sign=1739309076-QuPt8sryNIPCHNID1QOttO0yOztMCJYX-0-3c9607c45f57762c5dac11e1e4edd997)
32改变颜色原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0013.jpg?sign=1739309076-4dT3bZlS6XX9lGz5PccmaGEKwM14Bcp1-0-1512eeddf094ca4cec34feb06084b309)
33同质性原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0014.jpg?sign=1739309076-PLszy61705PXJP6Whs2J7vpc4T8BcVu1-0-85f469a87ec168d5e2a148a30d9d7cbf)
34抛弃或再生原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0015.jpg?sign=1739309076-dwHOtgDLxy0r2QgMBPCoIbwl8pfoytgn-0-e16d18aef7a2b241611eb3c31632d53f)
35参数变化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0016.jpg?sign=1739309076-9cTuyMBXC3iwI5zDQN8vMMlITCbqxTsh-0-5b1b313608561d69722c60fedd66a54e)
36相变原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0017.jpg?sign=1739309076-pSSylmQf2yVRQBshIFYSuxyV4oRa6iVO-0-f6d3ba4b92faa14c03989f19e4a268c7)
37 热膨胀原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0018.jpg?sign=1739309076-05uXdh4yjm2A2BRGYYVigz4tH5gO1m5e-0-eab7479829208d3f077e770a69679b56)
38加速氧化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0019.jpg?sign=1739309076-adNzdpPEpy4WQJt2YNkA3Bp1UxFi5aD3-0-115c3fe0a44bae1f12d09081ebaa03d3)
39惰性环境原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0020.jpg?sign=1739309076-hkx9llud9eNilrcqbGFDEacZhUiOZtq7-0-310aa26bf529a9a1c23ee09c723f426b)
40复合材料原理