Abstract

Research on governance in Miaojiang region is a weak link in the study of border governance in Qing Dynasty. Moreover, protection of ecological environment in Miaojiang region by the Qing government is rarely involved. The basic policies of governance in Miaojiang region by Qing government lies in four aspects: legal rule by custom, political conjunction with grace and majesty, gradual penetrating in administration and weakening and depriving the power of Toasts. The protection of ecological environment in Miaojiang region by the Qing government mainly covers five fields, including land resources, forest resources, mineral resources, water resources, wildlife resources and so on. Protective policies scatter in the emperors' edict, ministers' memorial to the throne, local officials' decrees and judicial precedents. The protection of ecological environment in Miaojiang Region by the Qing government has features such as continuity, consistency and forwardness.

The protection of land resources in Miaojiang by the Qing government includes restricting excessive farming and digging on land, protecting public mountain and maintaining interests of Minority in the land. The protection of forest resources mainly includes encouraging tree planting, limiting deforestation. The protection of mineral resources includes policies of restricting official mining, relieving minerals tax, forbidding private mining and timely closing exhausted mine source in Miaojiang region. The protection of water resources includes policies of forbidding to block and destruct waterways, reasonably allocating water resources, prohibiting destructing water conservancy facilities and guaranteeing funds of water conservancy. The protection of wildlife resources includes policies of exempting directly levy, relieving tax on wildlife resources and prohibiting over-exploitation. Although there are some certain historical limitations in the protection of ecological environment in Miaojiang region by the Qing government, it is a reference for current policy in ethnic minority areas.

Key Words: Government; Miaojiang Region; Ecological;Protection