考研英语词汇强词有理
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List 06

高频词汇篇

015ced,ceed,cess=go

016press=press

017soc,soci=companion

018vail,val=strong

词根 015

ced,ceed,cess=go,表示行走,前进

process

['prəʊses]

n.过程,进程;工序,制作法;工艺v.加工,处理

记 [pro-forward,cess-go]前缀pro为“向前”,词根cess为“走”→通过一定的工序把原材料制作成产品的动作,使产品线往前推进的动作→v.加工n.过程

n.a particu lar course of actionintended to a-chieve a resu lt/v.deal within a routine way

类microprocessor n.微处理器

例 2012.Text 3

Within the complex social structure of the sci-entific community,researchers make discover-ies;editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process;other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes;and final ly,the public(incl uding other scientists)receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology.

在科学界复杂的社会结构中,研究者们发现;编辑和评审员们通过控制出版过程而扮演着看门人的角色;其他科学家利用新发现来实现他们自己的目的;并且最终,公众(包括其他科学家)得到新发现,以及可能伴随而来的新科技。

necessary

['nesəsəri]

a.必需的,必要的;必然的

n.必需品

a.unavoidably determined by prior circumstances

类necessity n.必要性,需要;必然性;

pl.)必需品

例 2009.Text 3

Thisincreasingly high level of educationis probably a necessary,but not a sufficient,condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance.

经济效益的提高需要复杂的政治体制,而这种日益提高的教育程度很可能是复杂政治体制的必要而非充分条件。

access

['ækses]

n.进入;接入;到达;享用权;入口vi.存取

记 [acc-intensive,cess-go]acc表加强程度,词根cess为“走”→加强程度往前走→n.进入,入口

n.the act of approaching or entering;the right to enter

类open-access n.开放存取,开放阅览

accessory n.附件,配件

have access to可以接近;可以利用

例 2008.Text 2

The internet—and pressure from funding a-gencies,who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access toit—is making access to scientific resu lts a reality.

互联网以及由赞助机构所施加的压力正使人们能够接近科研成果成为现实。这些机构质问出版商为什么能够靠垄断科研成果从政府资助的科研活动中赚钱。

excessive

[Ik'sesIv]

a.过多的;过分的;额

外的

记 [ex-out,cess-go,ive-a.]前缀ex为“出去”,词根cess为“走”,ive后缀为形容词→那些往外走的东西(比如满满的水杯,倒满了继续倒水)→a.过多的,过分的

a.unrestrained,especial ly with regard to feelings;beyond normallimits

类excessively ad.过度地;过分地;极度地

例 2016.Text 1

The parliament also agreed to ban websites that“incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.

议会还同意取缔那些通过推动极端节食来“教唆过瘦身材美”的网站。

assess

[ə'ses]

vt.评定;估价;.……征税

vt.j udge the worth of something;estimate the val ue of(property)for taxation;charge with a payment,such as a tax or a fine

类assessment n.估价,评估

例 2007.Text 2

Other standardized tests,such as the Scho-lastic Assessment Test(SAT)and the Gradu-ate Record Exam(GRE),capture the main aspects of iQ tests.

其他的标准化测试,如学术能力评估测试(SAT)和研究生入学考试(GRE),都具有智商测试的主要特征。

accessible

[ək'sesəbl]

a.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的;可获得的

记 [acc-intensive,cess-go,ible]单词前面access,表示“接近”,后缀ible表示“能够”→能够接近→a.易接近的,可进入的

a.capable of being read with comprehension

类accessible elevator无障碍电梯

例 2011.Text 1

24.According to the text,which of the fol lowing is true of recordings?

[A]They are ofteninferior tolive concertsin quality.

[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.

[C]They hel pimprove the quality of music.

[D]They have on ly covered masterpieces.

译文根据文章,下列关于唱片的描述哪一项是正确的?

[A]它们在品质上通常不如现场音乐会。

[B]它们容易被大众获得。

[C]它们帮助提高音乐的质量。

[D]它们仅收录了杰作。

recede

[rI'si:d]

v.退回,后退;收回,撤回;跌落;缩减;贬值

记 [re-back,cede-go]前缀re为“往回”,词根cede→往回走→v.退回,后退

v.pull back or move away or backward

类recession n.衰退;不景气;后退;凹处

例 2012.Text 4(2)

In many respects,the U.S.was more socially tolerant entering this recession than at any timein its history,and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results.

在很多方面上,美国社会在进入经济衰退时期比以往任何时期都更具有包容性,而且从那时开始,一系列关于社会冲突的全国性投票结果并没有显示得很尖锐。

precede

[prI'si:d]

v.领先(.),.(……之前);优先,先于

记 [pre-before,cede-go]前缀pre为“提前”,词根cede为“走”→在前面走→v.领先,优先

v.be earlierin time;go back further;be the predecessor of

precedent

['presIdənt]

a.在先的;在前的

n.先例

记 [pre-before,ced-go,ent-n.]前面的单词precede为“领先”,后面加上后缀ent→领先于其他人→n.先例

n.a law established by fol lowing earlier j udi-cial decisions/a.precedingin time,order,or significance

类precedent-setting a.在前的n.先例

例 2012.Text 2

The legalissuesin the case are obscure:whereas the Supreme Court has ru led that states do have some regu latory authority over nuclear power,legal scholars say that Ver-mont case willoffer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend.

该事件涉及的法律问题较为模糊:虽然最高法院已经规定,各州对核能有一定的管控权,但法律学者称,佛蒙特案件会成为考量州政府核管控权可以延伸多远的一个先例。

unprecedented

[ʌn'presIdentId]

a.空前的;无前

例的

记 [un-not,precedent,ed]un表示否定,precedent为“先例”,ed表形容词→前面没有先例的→a.史无前例的,空前的,前所未有的

a.having no precedent;novel

例 2006.Text 1

Writing for the NationalImmigrationForum,Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’simmi-grationis neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation.

《国家移民论坛》撰稿人格雷戈里·罗德里格斯报道说,如今的移民既没有达到前所未有的规模,也不抗拒同化。

succeed

[sək'si:d]

v.成功,完成

记 [suc-sub-down,ceed-go]前面的suc类似sub为“向下”,后面词根ceed为“走”→往下继续走,一个东西能够坚持下去,走了很久就会做到(成功的人都是在某个领域坚持了很久)→v.成功

v.attain success or reach a desired goal

类success n.成就,成功;有成就的人successfula.圆满的;顺利的;成功的

近triumph n.胜利,成功

例 2011.Text 3

The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for.

曾经指导市场营销成功的案例就是“一分钱一分货”。

2005.Text 4

in his latest book,DoingOurOwnThingTheDegradationofLanguageandMusicand WhyWeShouldLikeCare,John McWhort-er,alinguist and controversialist of mixedlib-eral and conservative views,sees the triumph of 1960s countercu lture as responsible for the decline of formal English.

约翰·麦克沃特是一位语言学家,也是一位自由和保守思想兼备的辩论家,在他的新书《做自己的事:语言与音乐的退化,以及我们为什么应该在意》中,麦克沃特认为20世纪60年代反传统文化运动的胜利要为正式英语的衰落负责。

accomplish

[ə'kʌmplIʃ]

vt.完成;实现;达到

记 [acc-to,compl-complete,ish-v.]acc前缀表加强程度,compl词根表“完成”→使完成→vt.完成;实现

vt.putin effect;gain with effort

类accomplishment n.成就;完成;技艺,技能

例 2006.Part[C]

ihave excl uded him because,while his ac-complishments may contribute to the sol ution of moral problems,he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factu-al aspects of those problems.

我之所以将他排除是因为,尽管他的成果可能会帮助找出道德问题的解决办法,但他承担的仅仅是接近这个问题的事实方面。

exceed

[Ik'si:d]

v.超过,胜过;越出

记 [ex-out,ceed-go]前缀ex为“往外”,ceed词根为“走”→走出去,超越了其他人→v.超过,越过

v.be or do something to a greater degree类excess a.过量的,额外的n.过量;过剩;超额;无节制

proceed

[prə'si:d]

v.进行,继续下去;发生

记 [pro-forward,ceed-go]前缀pro为“往前”,词根ceed为“走”→往前走→v.进行,继续下去

v.move ahead;travel onwardin time or space

类proceeding n.行动,进行;(pl.)会议录,学报

例 2015.Part[B]

How does your reading proceed?Clearly you try to comprehend,in the sense ofidentifying meanings forindividual words and working out relationships between them,drawing on yourimplicit knowledge of English grammar.

你如何进行阅读?显然你试图去理解,利用你隐含的英语语法知识去确认各个单词的意思并搞懂它们之间的关系。

procedure

[prə'si:dʒə(r)]

n.程序,步骤;手续

n.a particu lar course of actionintended to achieve a resu lt;a set sequence of steps

例 2009.Text 1

But don’t bother trying to killoff old habits;once those ruts of procedure are worninto the brain,they’re there to stay.

但是不必费力去摈弃旧习惯:一旦那些惯有的程序进入大脑,它们就会永远存在。

例 2009.Text 1

The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure,meaning that few of usinherently use ourinnovative and col laborative modes of thought.

目前对标准化测试的推崇突出了分析和程序这两种思维模式,也就意味着,我们当中几乎没有人本能地运用创新和合作的思维模式。

succession

[sək'seʃn]

n.连续;系列;继任,继承

记 [suc-sub,cess-go,ion-n.]suc为“向下”,cess为“走”,后面后缀为ion→继续往下走→n.连续,继承

n.a fol lowing of one thing after anotherin time

例 2011.Text 2

As boards scrutinize succession plansin response to shareholder pressure,executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on.

由于董事会迫于股东们的压力而严格地审查了继任计划,那些未获得认可的高管们也可能想要离职。

exceeding

[Ik'si:dIη]

a.超越的;非常的;过度的

记 [ex-out,ceed-go,ing-a.]ex前缀为“往外”,ceed词根为“走”→往外走的,超越了普通的→a.超越的

a.far beyond whatis usualin magnitude or degree

类exceedingly ad.非常;极其;极度地;极端

concession

[kən'seʃn]

n.让 步,妥 协;特 许(.)

记 [con-together,cess-go,ion-n.]前缀为“全部”,词根cess为“走”→退一步让东西全走过去→n.特许,妥协

n.the act of conceding or yielding

类concede vi.承认vt.出让,容许

例 2010.Text 4

But by givingin to critics now they areinviting pressure to make more concessions.

但如今对批评者的妥协,将会给他们带来做出进一步让步的压力。

successor

[sək'sesə(r)]

n.接替的人或事物,继任者

记 [suc-sub,cess-go,or-人]suc为“下”,词根cess为“走”→接着某人的事业继续往下走→n.继承者

n.a person whoinherits some title or office

近offspring n.子女,子孙,后代

ancestor

['ænsestə(r)]

n.祖先;祖宗

记 [an-ante,cest-ced,or-人]前面an表“提前”,cest词根为“走”,后缀or为“人”→在前面提前走了的→n.祖先

n.someone from whom you are descended(but usual ly more remote than a grandparent)

近predecessor n.前辈,前任

例 2009.Text 2

This DNA can reveal geneticinformation about on ly one or two ancestors,even though,for example,j ust three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or,four generations back,14 other great-great-grandparents.

这种DNA检测技术只能显示出一两位祖先的基因信息,尽管如此,比如说往上追溯三代,每个人还有六位曾祖父,追溯四代,还有另外的14位高祖父母。

retrocede

['retrəʊ'si:d]

vt.交还vi.后退

记 [retro-give back,cede-go]前缀retro为give back(retro/return),词根cede表示“走”→走回去并把东西还回去→vt.交还

intercede

['Intə'si:d]

vi.调解,调停;求情

记 [inter-among,cede-go]前缀inter为“两者之间”,词根cede为“走”→在两者之间走,进入两个有争执的人之中把二者分开→vi.调停,调节

类intercession n.调解;说情;仲裁

antecedent

['æntI'si:dnt]

n.前情;先行词;祖先

a.先行的;前驱的;先前的

记 [ante-forward,ced-go,ent]前缀ante为“前”,词根ced为“走”,ent为名词或形容词后缀→提前走了的→n.祖先a.先行的

类antecede vt.在……之前;胜过;居前

词根 016

press=press,表示挤压

press

[pres]

v.压;压榨;紧迫,催促

n.报刊,通讯社;出版社

记 基本词汇动词意思为“压,压迫”;名词有“出版社,通讯社”的意思

v.exert pressure or force to or upon/n.newspaper writers and photographers

类pressing a.紧迫的;迫切的;恳切的

printing press印刷机

例 2012.Part[B]

The second half of the 20th century saw a col-lection of geniuses,warriors,entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabu lous machine that cou ld function as a typewriter and printing press,studio and theatre,paint-brush and gal lery,piano and radio,the mail as wellas the mail carrier.

20世纪下半叶,一批天才、勇士、企业家和远见者辛苦地发明了一种难以置信的机器,它既是打字机又是印刷机;既是演播室又是剧院;既是画笔又是美术馆;既是钢琴又是收音机;既能写邮件也能当邮差。

express

[Ik'spres]

v.表达,表示a.特快的,

快速的n.快车,快运

记 [ex-out,press]前缀ex为“往外”,单词press为“压”→往外压,把感情从心底压到外面→v.表达;名词意思为“快车快运”(EMS:Express Mail Service邮政特快专递)→n.快车,快运

n.rapid transport of goods/v.give expres-sion to

类expressive a.表示的,表现的,表达的

例 2008.Part[C]

Writingin the last year of hislife,he ex-pressed the opinion thatin two or three re-spects his mind had changed during the pre-ceding twenty or thirty years.

在生命的最后一年里,他写道,他的思想在过去的二三十年间有两三个方面都发生了变化。

例 2008.Text 4

While Washington and Jefferson privately ex-pressed distaste for slavery,they also under-stood thatit was part of the political and eco-nomic bedrock of the country they hel ped to create.

虽然华盛顿和杰弗逊私底下都表示厌恶奴隶制,但是他们明白奴隶制是他们所创立的这个国家的政治和经济基础的一部分。

print

[prInt]

n.印刷;印刷品;字体v.印刷,出版;洗印

记 print理解为press和enter的结合版本→press+enter→把墨水压入纸里面→v./n.印刷

n.the resu lt of the printing process/v.re-produce by printing

类bl ueprint vt.计划;制成蓝图n.蓝图,

设计图;计划

例 2016.Text 4

in other words,if you’re going to make a print product,makeit for the people who are al ready obsessed withit.

换句话说,如果你打算印刷报纸,那么就为那些已经对其痴迷的人印刷吧。

pressure

['preʃə(r)]

n.压,压力;压迫;强制;紧迫;困苦,困难

记 [press-压,ure-n.]press词汇为“压”,后面加名词后缀→压力,压迫

n.the act of pressing;the exertion of pressure

例 2012.Text 1

That whispered message,halfinvitation and half forcing,is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure.

当听到“朋辈压力”一词时,我们大部分人想到的就是这种半推半就的耳语。

例 2011.Text 3

Members of social networks,forinstance,are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that original ly created them.

比如说,社交网络的用户正意识到,他们可以通过劫持媒介来对最初创建这些媒介的企业施加压力。

expression

[Ik'spreʃn]

n.表示,表现,表达;

言论

记 [ex-out,press,ion-n.]express名词的形式

n.表示,表达

n.the feelings expressed on a person’s face;expression without words

类self-expression n.(以艺术、文学创作等方式)自我表现,个性表现

例 2014.Part[C]

Especial ly significant was his view of free-dom,which,for him,was associated with the rights and responsibilities of theindividual:he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

他对自由的看法对他而言尤为重要,因为自由与个人的权利及义务息息相关:他提倡思想自由和个人言论自由。

impress

[Im'pres]

v.(on).,盖印;

留下印象,引人注目

记 [im-in,press]前面im理解为in,表示“里”,后面单词press,表示“压”→往里压→把别人对自己的印象压入他人脑海中→vt.给人留下印象,引人注目

v.have an emotional or cognitiveimpact upondepress

[dI'pres]

v.压抑,降低;使沮丧,压下

记 [de-down,press]前缀de为“向下”,单词press为“压”→往下压,使某人情绪低下→vt.压抑,降低

v.lower someone’s spirits;make downheart-ed;lower(prices or markets)

类depression n.沮丧;洼地;不景气;忧愁

depressed a.沮丧的;萧条的;压低的

例 2014.Text 2(2)

If you are depressed,you won’t be self-enhancing.

如果你感到沮丧,那么就不会进行自我提升了。

impressive

[Im'presIv]

a.给人深刻印象的;感人的;令人钦佩的

记 [impress,ive-a.]前面单词为“给人留下印象”,后面ive为形容词后缀→a.给人深刻印象的

a.making a strong or vividimpression

类unimpressive a.给人印象不深的;不很好的

impressiveness n.令人难忘,令人注目

例 2011.Text 1

To be sure,he performs animpressive varietyofinteresting compositions,butitis not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hal l,or anywhere else,to hearinteresting orchestral music.Allihave to dois to go to my CD shelf,or boot up my computer and down load stillmore recorded music fromiTunes.

他演绎的各种各样有趣的作品固然让人钦佩,但是我仍然没有必要去艾弗森·费舍尔音乐厅或者其他地方听一场有趣的交响乐演出。我所需要做的事情就是去我的唱片架上寻找唱片,或是连接上电脑,然后从iTunes上下载更多的交响乐作品。

suppress

[sə'pres]

v.镇压,压制;抑制,忍住;查禁

记 [sup-sub,press]前面sup理解为sub,表示“向下”,后面加上press为“压”→往下压→有人造反,需要往下压制动乱→vt.镇压,压制;感情刚有的萌芽,要控制住感情→vt.抑制,忍住感情

v.put down by force or authority;control and refrain from showing

compress

[kəm'pres]

vt.压紧,压缩;(把

思想文字等)浓缩

记 [com-all/together,press]前缀com为“全部,一起”,单词press为“压”→全部压到一起→vt.压缩

vt.make more compact by or asif by pressing;squeeze or press together

类compressed a.被压缩的;扁平的

compression n.压缩;压榨

词根 017

soc,soci=companion,表示同伴”,引申为社会

social

['səuʃl]

a.社会的,社交的;群居的

记 [soc,ial-a.]soc词根为“社会”,ial为形容词→a.社会的,社交的

a.relating to human society andits members

类socialism n.社会主义

例 2014.Text 4

in 2010,leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the American Acad-emy of Arts and Sciences asking thatitidentify actions that cou ld be taken by“federal,state and local governments,universities,founda-tions,educators,individual benefactors and others”to“maintain national excel lencein hu-manities and social scientific scholarship and education.”

2010年,民主与共和两党国会领袖致信美国人文与科学学院,请他们界定“联邦、州和地方政府,大学,基金会,教育工作者,个人捐助者等”能够采取什么行动,“以保持国家在人文和社会科学研究和教育领域的优势”。

society

[sə'saIəti]

n.社会;社团,协会,.;

社交界,上流社会

记 简单词汇,表“社会,社团”→词根soc,

表示“社会”

n.an extended social group having a distinc-tive cu ltural and economic organization

例 2009.Part[B]

Boas felt that the cu lture of any society must be understood as the resu lt of a unique history and not as one of many cu ltures belonging to a broader evol utionary stage or type of cu lture.

博厄斯认为,任何社会的文化都必须被理解为某种独特历史发展的结果,而不是更广泛的演化阶段或文化类型中的一员。

associate

[ə'səʊʃIeIt]

vt.联想;交往;联合

n.伙伴a.联合的

记 [ass-intensive,soci,ate-v.]ass表加强,soci为“社会”→加强程度,成为团体

(社会)→vt.联想,联合

vt.bring or comeinto association or action

类association n.联盟,协会,社团;交

往,联合;联想

例 2012.Text 4

Britain’s Labor Party,asits nameimplies,has long been associated with trade unionism.

英国工党,顾名思义,与工会主义的关系由来已久。

sociable

['səʊʃəbl]

a.好交际的,友好的,合群的

记 [soci,able]soci为“社会”,able表“能够”→社会上混得好的人都是好交际的→a.好交际的;友好的

a.inclined to or conducive to companionship with others;friendly and pleasant

sociology

['səʊsi'ɒlədʒi]

n.社会学

记 [soci,ology-science]soci为“社会”,ology为“学科”→n.社会学

n.the study and classification of human

societies

词根 018

vail,val=strong,表示强壮

value

['vælju:]

n.价格;价值;实用性

vt.评价,估价;尊重

记 value是一个简单词,名词是“价值”,动词有“评价”也有“尊重”的意思,所以词根val理解为strong

n.the amount(of money or goods)thatis considered to be a fair equivalent for some-thing else/vt.regard highly

equivalent val ue等值

potential val ue潜在价值

例 2016.Part[C]

When we don’t understand the val ue of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access toit,mental health willremain hidden from us.

我们如果不知道珍惜心理健康,或者不知道如何获得机会去得到心理健康,它就会隐藏起来。

例 2015.Text 4

The words that have mattered are efficiency,flexibility,shareholder val ue,business-friend-ly,wealth generation,sales,impact and,in newspapers,circu lation.

要紧的词包括:效率、灵活性、股东价值、商业利好、财富创造、销量、影响,在报业中则是发行量。

available

[ə'veIləbl]

a.可利用的;可见到的;接受采访的

记 [avail-benefit,able]avail的名词为“利益”,动词为“有益于”,后面加able→a.可用的

a.obtainable or accessible and ready for use

or service

available assets可用资产

available resources可用资源

例 2008.Text 2

Other models exist that are hybrids of thesethree,such as delayed open-access,where journals al low on ly subscribers to read a paper for the first six months,before makingit freely available to everyone who wishes to seeit.

还有将上述三种模式混合的其他模式,如延迟开放模式,在论文发表后的最初六个月中只允许订阅者阅读,之后其他不花钱但想阅读的人才可以见到。

valid

['vælId]

a.有效的;有根据的;正当的

记 [val-val ue,id-a.]一条法规是有价值的、为人民服务的→a.有效的;有根据的;正当的

a.wellgroundedin logic or truth or having legal force;stilllegal ly acceptable

valid certificate有效证书

valid period有效期限

类invalid n.病人a.有病的,无效的

invalidate vt.使无效

invalidity n.无效力

例 2012.Text 2

Now the companyis sudden ly claiming that the 2002 agreementisinvalid because of the2006 legislation,and that on ly the federa government has regu latory power over nuclea issues.

安特吉公司现在突然宣布,由于2006年的法规,2002年的协议是无效的,而且只有联邦政府对核问题才有监管权。

valuable

['væljuəbl]

a.贵重的,有价值的n.贵

重物品,财宝

记 [val u+able]前部分是“价值”,后部分为“有能力的”→a.有价值的→n.贵重物品

a.having great material or monetary val ue especial ly for use or exchange

类inval uable a.非常宝贵的,无价的

inval uableness n.无价

例 2009.Text 1

At the end of adolescence,however,the brain shuts down half of that capacity,preser-ving on ly those modes of thought that have seemed most val uable during the first decade or so oflife.

然而,我们的大脑在青春期结束时便关闭了其中一半的能力,仅仅保留生命中大约前十年中看起来最有价值的思维方式。

evaluate

[I'væljueIt]

vt.价,评价;.……

值;评估

记 [e-out,valu-value,ate-vt.]把价值拿到外

面→vt.估价

vt.place a val ue on;j udge the worth of

something

类eval uative a.可估价的

eval uation n.评估,估价

例 2010.Text 2

The Federal circuitissued an unusual order stating that the case wou ld be heard by all12of the court’s j udges,rather than a typical panel of three,and that oneissueit wants to eval uateis whetherit shou ld“reconsider”its State Street Bank ruling.

联邦巡回法院发布了一道不同寻常的命令,规定这个案子将不由典型的三人庭审团听审,而是由法院全部12名法官共同听审,同时还声明要评估法院是否应该“重新考虑”对道富银行的裁决。

prevail

[prI'veIl]

vi.(over,against)取胜,

占优势;(on)劝说,说服;

流行,盛行

记 [pre-前,vail-strong]在竞技比赛中,有力量的人排在前面→vi.取胜,占优势;用语言的力量,让人向前进→vi.劝说;一些社会上影响力比较大的人在前面引领了新的潮流→vi.盛行

vi.be largerin number,quantity,power,status orimportance

类prevailing a.占优势的

例 2014.Part[C]

He freed music from hitherto prevailing con-ventions of harmony and structure.

他让音乐摆脱了迄今为止仍然盛行的和声和结构的传统束缚。

equivalence

[I'kwIvələns]

n.等值;相等

记 [equi-equal,val-val ue,ence-n.]单词前面为“相等”,后面为“价值”,后缀是名词→n.等价

n.a state of being essential ly equal or

equivalent

prevalent

['prevələnt]

a.流行的,普遍的

[pre-before,val-val ue,ent-a.]一件事物红了、流行了才开始有价值→有价值之前→a.流行的

a.encountered general ly especial ly at the present time

例 2010.Text 3

32.The author suggests that the“two-step-flow theory”____.

[A]serves as a sol ution to marketing problems

[B]has hel ped explain certain prevalent trends

[C]has won support frominfl uentials

[D]requires solid evidence forits validity

译文作者暗示“二级传播理论”____。

[A]是一种解决市场营销问题的方法

[B]已经帮助解释了某些流行性趋势

[C]已经获得了有影响力人士的支持

[D]需要确凿的证据来证明其正确性

devaluate

[di:'væljʊeIt]

vt.减价,贬值

[de-down,valu-value,ate-vt.]把价值降低→减价,贬值

类deval uation n.贬值

undervalue

['ʌndə'vælju:]

vt.对(某人或某事物)评价过低;低估(某人或某事物)

记 [under-not enough,val ue]对某人的评价过低→vt.低估

近underestimate,underrate,think poorly of